10-Feb (NumberSlueth) — We here at NumberSleuth are all about exploring the world of numbers, and with this infographic we decided to take a look at the numbers behind the entire amount of gold in the world. Below are a series of questions that we began with and the answers we discovered in our research. We believe that this is the most thorough and in-depth resource about the world’s gold on the Internet and we hope you have as much fun reading through the information as we did in putting it all together.

From: Number Sleuth

10-Feb (The Wall Street Journal) — President Barack Obama’s budget request to Congress on Monday will forecast a deficit of $1.33 trillion in fiscal year 2012 and includes hundreds of billions of dollars of proposed spending on the nation’s infrastructure, according to draft documents viewed by Dow Jones Newswires and The Wall Street Journal.

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10-Feb (Bloomberg) — UniCredit SpA (UCG), Intesa Sanpaolo SpA and Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA (BMPS) were among 34 Italian financial firms downgraded by Standard & Poor’s, after the credit-ratings firm reduced the nation’s grade last month.

UniCredit, Italy’s biggest bank, and No. 2 Intesa had their long-term ratings lowered to BBB+ from A, S&P said today in a statement. Monte dei Paschi, the No. 3 bank, was reduced to BBB from BBB+. All three have a negative outlook, S&P said.

…“Italy’s vulnerability to external financing risks has increased, given its high external public debt, resulting in Italian banks’ significantly diminished ability to roll over their wholesale debt,” S&P said in a separate statement on the country’s financial industry. “We anticipate persistently weak profitability for Italian banks in the next few years.”

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10-Feb (Bloomberg) — Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke said the central bank’s efforts to spur economic growth are being blunted by impediments to mortgage lending, and he called for further steps to heal the housing market.

“We have helped lower mortgage rates to the lowest point in many, many decades,” Bernanke told homebuilders today in Orlando, Florida. “Yet we are not seeing as much activity as we would like to see.”

Bernanke, who repeated that the pace of the recovery has been “frustratingly slow,” didn’t discuss the outlook for monetary policy. He devoted part of his speech to recommendations from a Fed study on housing that was sent to Congress last month and which prompted criticism from some lawmakers, who said the Fed has overstepped its authority.

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PG View: Mightn’t Mr. Bernanke be greasing the skids for some more MBS purchases?

10-Feb (Der Spiegel) — Many economic experts agree that Portugal may be the next Greece. On Thursday evening, a senior European official seemed to confirm such fears. German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble was caught on camera offering Portugal “adjustments” to its bailout program.

First Greece and then Portugal? That is what many skeptics of Europe’s handling of the ongoing debt crisis have long been saying. And on Thursday evening in Brussels, they appear to have received high level confirmation.

In a video clip apparently made without his knowledge at the meeting of euro-zone finance ministers, German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble told his Portuguese counterpart Vitor Gaspar that Berlin would be willing to make adjustments to the Portugal bailout package. It was the first time that a high level euro-zone official had admitted that such changes may become necessary.

“If then there would be a necessity for an adjustment of the Portugal (program), we would be ready to do that,” Schäuble says in the video, which was posted on YouTube and on the website of the Portuguese television station tvi24. Gaspar responds: “That is much appreciated.”

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10-Feb (Der Spiegel) — Greek political leaders announced on Thursday that they were bowing to all European Union austerity demands. But euro-zone finance ministers are skeptical, saying several details need to be clarified. Even if Athens ultimately receives a new bailout package, however, its debt problems will not be solved.

Relief was certainly not the predominant emotion in Brussels on Thursday evening. In faraway Athens, Greek party leaders had announced that, following weeks of talks and delays, they had finally agreed to accept the stark austerity conditions imposed on them by their European Union partners. But euro-zone finance ministers were skeptical as they arrived for their pre-planned consultations in the European Council building on Thursday.

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10-Feb (USAGOLD) — Gold has come under pressure as the hope surrounding yesterday’s Greek political deal has evaporated. EMU spreads widened, the euro and stocks retreated, boosting the dollar, Treasuries and Bunds.

While much was made initially yesterday about Greek politicians agreeing to the latest troika demands in exchange for the release of the second bailout funds, it didn’t take long for the skeptics to surface and stark poking holes in the alleged deal. And sure enough, after eurozone finance ministers met yesterday and said that Greece needed to make additional progress before they could sign that €130 bln check. It sounds like they want Greece to find another €325 million in cuts.

With Greeks already taking to the streets in protest, pushing even deeper austerity through Parliament is not going to be easy. On top of that — as we’ve pointed out repeatedly — the second €130 bln bailout (originally agreed to in October) isn’t big enough any more due to cratering tax revenues. But even if a true deal is ultimately reached, it doesn’t resolve any of the underlying structural issues that precipitated the crisis. Greece will likely find itself right back in the same position at some point down the road.

While the dip in Chinese imports and exports in Jan are being largely blamed on the holiday effects of Chinese New Year, it has raised concerns about a slow-down in one of the last remaining economic engines firing on all cylinders.

• University of Michigan consumer sentiment (prelim) fell to 72.5 in Feb, below market expectations of 74.0, vs 75.0 Jan.
• US trade gap widened to -$48.8 bln in Dec, near expectations of -$48.0 bln, vs -$47.06 bln in Nov.
• Germany CPI (final) confirmed at -0.4% m/m in Jan; 2.1% y/y, vs 2.0% preliminary read.
• France industrial production -1.4% in Dec, well below market expectations of -0.6%, vs +1.1% in Nov; -1.3% y/y.
• France manufacturing production -1.4% in Dec, vs +1.4% in Nov; +0.8% y/y, vs positive revised +2.6% y/y in Nov.
• Switzerland CPI -0.4% in Jan, below expectations of -0.3%, vs -0.2% in Dec; -0.8% y/y.
• UK PPI: Output price inflation fell to 4.1% y/y in Jan (nsa), vs 4.8% y/y in Dec.
• India industrial production falls to 1.8% y/y in Dec, vs 5.9% in Nov.
• China exports -0.5% y/y in Jan, vs 13.4% in Dec: Imports -15.3% y/y.

10-Feb (Reuters) — Greece’s largest police union has threatened to issue arrest warrants for officials from the country’s European Union and International Monetary Fund lenders for demanding deeply unpopular austerity measures.

In a letter obtained by Reuters Friday, the Federation of Greek Police accused the officials of “…blackmail, covertly abolishing or eroding democracy and national sovereignty” and said one target of its warrants would be the IMF’s top official for Greece, Poul Thomsen.

The threat is largely symbolic since legal experts say a judge must first authorize such warrants, but it shows the depth of anger against foreign lenders who have demanded drastic wage and pension cuts in exchange for funds to keep Greece afloat.

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10-Feb (CNN) — Hooded youths tossed stones and police fired stun grenades Friday in front of the Greek Parliament as lawmakers faced tough new conditions they must meet before euro zone finance ministers will give them billions of desperately needed euros to bail out the debt-ridden country.

Greece needs the euro zone ministers to sign off on a new €130 billion ($172.6 billion) bailout deal.

As investors in markets around the world nervously watched the Greek Parliament, trade unions began a two day strike to protest the austerity measures the deal would require.

The main Greek party leaders agreed to a last-minute deal Thursday after lengthy negotiations, which was presented to the other 16 eurozone leaders by Finance Minister Evangelos Venizelos.

But the deal and new conditions imposed by Europe must still be approved by Parliament this weekend. The third member of the governing coalition made clear Friday that it would not support the deal.

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10-Feb (Reuters) — Gold prices slipped in Europe on Friday as the euro eased from a two-month high, coming under pressure as the optimism sparked by Greece’s agreement of the austerity measures it needs in order to receive a second rescue package dissipated.

Euro zone finance ministers are seeking further measures from Greece before signing off on a second bailout, keeping the threat of a chaotic default alive and pressuring risk appetite.

…”Even if a debt deal does come out, the complications are far from over. With an over 26 percent unemployment rate in Greece, austerity means further job cuts, and tax increases,” he added. “The key point on pensions are still to be finalized.”

Gold is still up 10 percent this year as traders bet U.S. monetary policy will remain accommodative this year.

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09-Feb (MineWeb) — China’s industrial development is still very much a work in progress. The likely next phase is a rebalancing of wealth away from industry and towards households. Given the demonstrable appetite for gold among Chinese consumers, this should be a major supporting factor for global gold demand.

According to World Gold Council data, Chinese gold consumption totaled 207.4 tonnes in 2003. By 2009 it had more than doubled to 457.7 tonnes. More recently, gold imports from Hong Kong, widely regarded as a proxy for total gold imports, tripled in 2011.

China only began deregulating its gold market a decade ago. Until the Shanghai Gold Exchange opened in late 2002, the government held a monopoly on gold ownership. It is possible that the growth in Chinese gold demand could merely represent catch-up, but this seems unlikely given how rapidly China’s economy grew over the same period. Ordinary Chinese have been growing steadily wealthier, meaning more and more people have had the wherewithal to buy gold.

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09-Feb (CNBC) — The European Central Bank’s second injection of long-term liquidity into markets could reach as much as 1 trillion euros ($1.33 trillion), analysts predict.

Initial estimates for the February 29 operation of three-year, long-term refinancing operations (LTROs) suggested that there would be only about a 100 billion euros take-up by Europe’s banks, but those estimates have shot up in recent weeks after the success of December’s operation became clear.

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PG View: …and people thought the first ECB LTRO was huge at €489 bln!

09-Feb (Bloomberg) — The agreement reached by Greek political leaders to win the nation’s second bailout may be “analytically questionable,” Pacific Investment Management Co.’s Mohamed A. El-Erian said.

“It is very unlikely to lead to growth, jobs, financial stability and new investments,” El-Erian, chief executive and co-chief investment officer of the world’s biggest manager of bond funds, said in a radio interview today on “Bloomberg Surveillance” with Tom Keene and Ken Prewitt. “This agreement will be very difficult to sell when the principals, those who have agreed, have to go to their constituents.”

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09-Feb (USAGOLD) — Gold rebounded smartly on news that Greece had struck a deal with the troika. Greece gets their second bailout in exchange for even deeper austerity. That a bargain had been reached was confirmed by both ECB President Draghi and Greek PM Papademos, but other sources are saying the parties need an additional 15-days to iron-out the details…

Wait, another 15-days? Back in October of last-year the the troika agreed in principle to give Greece a second bailout in the amount of €130 bln. I sort of presumed the negotiations have dragged on for 4-months because they were working out the details. Perhaps now they must address the reality that €130 bln simply isn’t enough.

The IMF on the other hand doesn’t seem quite so sure, saying that despite the Greek political agreement, talks are “ongoing” and that “prior actions” are likely to be required before the new loan program is approved. Meanwhile there is another strike planned for tomorrow amid that heaping additional austerity on top of already oppressive austerity will lead to civil unrest.

The ECB also held steady on rates as was widely expected. During his press conference Mr. Draghi said he anticipates that interest in the central bank’s second 3-year LTRO slated for the end of the month will be “substantial.” You may recall that the ECB’s initial offer of essentially free and unlimited 3-year money resulted in a huge uptake of €489 bln. Given the subsequent expansion of acceptable collateral, that number may pale in comparison to the next one.

The BoE held steady on rates, but expanded their asst purchase target by an additional £50 bln. QE is alive and well in the UK.

All of this pushed gold to retest the high for the week at 1751.63. While this level remains intact thus far, today’s events add to an already strong fundamental case to buy gold.

• US wholesale sales +1.3% in Dec, above market expectations of 0.4%; inventories +1.0%.
• ECB holds refi rate steady at 1.0%, in-line with expectations.
• BoE leaves repo rate unchanged at 0.5%, expands QE by an additional £50 bln, in-line with expectations.
• Canada new home price index +0.1% in Dec; +2.5% y/y.
• UK industrial production +0.5% m/m in Dec, above market expectations of +0.2%, vs -0.5% in Nov; -3.3% y/y.
• UK manufacturing production +1.0% m/m in Dec, above market expectations of +0.2%, vs -0.1% in Nov; +0/8% y/y.
• South Korea PPI falls to 3.4% y/y in Jan, vs 4.3% in Dec.
• BoK holds repo rate steady at 3.25%.
• New Zealand HLFS unemployment rate falls to 6.3% in Q4, vs 6.6% in Q3.
• China CPI accelerates to 4.5% y/y in Jan, vs 4.1% y/y in Dec; PPI falls to 0.7% y/y, vs 1.7% in Dec.
• Japan consumer confidence index (sa) improves to 40.0 in Jan, vs 38.9 in Dec.
• Bank Indonesia Rate cut 25bp to 5.75% from 6.0%.

09-Feb (Bloomberg) — Greek political leaders struck a deal on a package of austerity measures, clearing the way for a swap to cut the nation’s debt and win its second rescue in two years.

Greek Prime Minister Lucas Papademos called European Central Bank President Mario Draghi to tell him “an agreement has been reached,” Draghi said at a press conference today in Frankfurt. An announcement from Papademos’s office is expected shortly, a Greek government official who declined to be identified said today by telephone.

The accord came less than four hours before euro-region finance ministers hold an emergency meeting in Brussels to discuss the 130 billion-euro ($172 billion) lifeline and the swap that will impose a loss of about 70 percent for investors.

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08-Feb (24hGold) — The interminable extension by the US Federal Reserve on the 0% rate into 2014 represents history in the making. It is the adoption of pure heresy in monetary policy, making it mainstream. Worse, it forces foreign central banks to adopt the same destructive policy in the Competing Currency War. Once upon a time, the highest priests from the central bank would admit in a guiding tone that accommodation on interest rates must be temporary. Nowadays it is engrained in the market mindset and permanent in monetary policy. The chronic 0% means the entire financial and monetary system is totally irreparably broken. The old pendulum where the tilt was toward bonds during recession, then toward stocks during recovery, that is all gone, shattered by the endless financial crisis. One must incorporate a new thinking, that the entire financial and monetary system is totally irreparably broken, then adapt in fierce defense. Larry Fink of Blackrock private equity firm made news today by suggesting that 0% bond yields offer no return on investment. How true! He did not offer any accurate reflection of reality that the financial structures are broken, nor that all attempts at remedy were flimsy and misdirected. He gave the ALL IN signal for buying stocks in 2012, thus putting on the risk trade. The immediate ancillary signal is to back up the truck and load up with GOLD also.

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08-Feb (ABC News) — TAPPER: President Obama is going to be introducing his outline for a budget. Fed Chair Bernanke has said the lack of a budget having been passed by the Senate has had an adverse affect on growth because it’s created uncertainty. Harry Reid has said that he doesn’t think there’s a need to introduce a budget this year. Who do you — who does the president think is right, Harry Reid or Ben Bernanke?

[a lot of dancing around by White House spokesman Jay Carney]

CARNEY: Well, I don’t have an opinion to express on how the Senate does its business with regards to this issue.

…I have no opinion — the White House has no opinion on Chairman Bernanke’s assessment of how the Senate ought to do its business.

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PG View: I’d like Senator Reid to share with us when exactly there might be a need to introduce and pass a budget again. I mean, it’s been more than 1,000 days since the last one…